Portfolio Method

PORTFOLIO by NURUL HIDAYANI

Portfolio is a teaching method where is the students must gather and collect their works to a document called portfolio. Portfolio comes from two word “port” means report and “folio” means complete. So we can conclude that portfolio is a complete report of students’ work. But in education world, portfolio can be also used by teacher by making lesson plan. Not only in educational world, portfolio is also can be used in others words such as art, sport, religion and it actually can be applied not only for someone’s work but also for company, organization, institution and group.

There are two kinds of portfolio namely process oriented portfolio and product oriented portfolio. In oriented portfolio, teachers notice their students development form the beginning, the middle until the last or we can conclude that teacher notice the whole developments of their students. Yet, in product oriented portfolio, teacher is only notice the final result of students. There are two kinds of product oriented portfolio. First, Documentary portfolio to all portfolio paper and then Show/Performance portfolio to all portfolio which the form is presentation/performance. It can be collected by making video.

There are four process in gathering portfolio: collection (students collect data), selection (students select kinds of data), reflection (teacher tests students understanding about the data in portfolio) and the last connection (teacher and students know the students’ ability and lack from reflection).

There are three aspects in portfolio: cognitive, aspect where the students are expect to memorize, understand, analyze, combine, apply and make a conclusion from some informations in their portfolio. Second aspect, affective, more emphasize feeling, interest and motivation.While the last aspect, psychomotor, more emphasize the practice of the lesson such as art, religion, sport, science and language.

There are four things that must be included to a portfolio: title and table of contents, heading and subheading, portfolio body and brief explanatory.

There are three ways that teacher can do to assess portfolio’s students. First, teacher must clearly gives instruction about the content and kinds of portfolio so that students can easily gather and collect the data as the instruction. Second, teacher must develop assessment procedure in order to it is suitable with portfolio’s instruction. Third, teacher must make schedule to hold portfolio conference at the end of the study to discuss about the portfolio.

There are some advantages from the use of this method namely the learning process is emphasized to whole process, from the beginning, middle and the last so that teacher can notice her/his students’ need and development. Besides that, it can increase students’ motivation because of their satisfaction in collecting the portfolio and they surely do not want to be defeated by another students. However, besides advantages, this method is not free of lacks. It is because it takes time for teacher in assessing the portfolio result if the data are vast. Furthermore, sometimes it is hard for teacher to make portfolio conference.